System components and controlled parameters
of structural health monitoring (SHM) systems
Depending on the tasks that are to be solved by means of SHM system implementation, the SHM system may include one or more subsystems. The table below shows available types of SHM systems as well as recommended sensor types.
| Subsystem type (type of measurements) | Controlled parameter | Module/ digital sensor type | Recommended (depending on the number of floors) amount of digital sensors per 1000 square meters of the facility foundation | |||
| up to 7 floors | from 8 up to 17 floors | from 18 up to 30 floors | over 31 floors | |||
| Stress-strain state control | stress-strain | ZET 7010-DS ZET 7110-DS |
8…16 | 12…20 | 16…24 | 16…28 |
| bending | ZET 7054 ZET 7154 |
8…16 | 12…20 | 16…24 | 16…28 | |
| Building tilt and elements displacement control | displacement | ZET 7140-S + eddy current sensor ВС 701-17 | Depending on the amount of the controlled elements | |||
| displacement | ZET 7080-I + RF603 ZET 7180-I + RF603 |
Depending on the amount of the controlled elements | ||||
| tilt | ZET 7054 ZET 7154 |
8…16 | 12…20 | 16…24 | 16…28 | |
| Natural frequency and logarithmic decrement control | acceleration, fundamental tone, decrement | ZET 7150 | 6…24 | 9…36 | 12…48 | 15…60 |
| acceleration | ZET 7152 | 2…4 | 3…6 | 4…8 | 5…10 | |
| velocity | ZET 7156 | 2…4 | 2…4 | 2…4 | 2…4 | |
| Foundation subsidence control | strain | ZET 7010 + primary transducer ZET 7110 + primary transducer |
Depending on the amount of the controlled elements | |||
| pressure | ZET 7010 + primary transducer ZET 7110 + primary transducer |
Depending on the amount of the controlled elements | ||||
| Seismic impact level | acceleration | ZET 7050 | 6…12 | 6…12 | 6…12 | 6…12 |
| velocity | ZET 7156 | 2…4 | 2…4 | 2…4 | 2…4 | |
| ground waters level | ZET 7112-I | 2…4 | 2…4 | 2…4 | 2…4 | |
| temperature | ZET 7020 ZET 7120 ZET 7023 ZET 7123 |
2…4 | 2…4 | 2…4 | 2…4 | |
| atmospheric pressure | ZET 7112-A | 2…4 | 2…4 | 2…4 | 2…4 | |
| hydro-dynamic noise | ВС 314-M | 2…4 | 2…4 | 2…4 | 2…4 | |
| Seismic impact effects control | acceleration | ZET 7152 | 2…4 | 2…4 | 2…4 | 2…4 |
| duration | ||||||
In the course of SHM system creation, the sensors are combined in measuring lines, which are based on one of the two interface types (RS-485 or CAN).
The measuring lines are equipped with interface converters providing transfer of the registered data from digital sensors to the SHM PC (i.e. to industrial PC of the data acquisition node or to a server) via Ethernet interface. The data acquisition nodes are formed by one or several measuring lines.
The digital sensors are placed on the structural elements of the controlled object while the remaining modules (included into the data acquisition nodes) are placed in the electrical cabinets of the data acquisition nodes.
| Module type | Item | Function (application sphere) | Recommended amount |
| ZET 7076 | interface converter RS-485 | For connection of the digital sensor to industrial PC or server via Ethernet interface (in the case if measuring lines with RS-485 interface are used) | depends on the measuring lines amount |
| ZET 7175 | Glonass/GPS synchronization module | For timing synchronization of the data received from data acquisition nodes (in the case if the timing synchronization of the recorded signals is necessary) | depending on the data acquisition nodes amount |
| ZET 7176 | CAN interface converter | For connection of digital sensors to industrial PC or a server via Ethernet interface (in the case if measuring lines with CAN interface are used) | depends on the CAN measuring lines amount |
| ZET 7177 | data transfer modules via GSM wireless channel | For creation of additional channel used for data transfer from data acquisition modules to the server. This channel can also be used as the main channel in the case if it is impossible to establish wired connection between data acquisition nodes and the server (i.e. when it is impossible to establish wire connection between data acquisition node and computing system) | depending on the data acquisition nodes amount |
| ZET 7173 | flash-drive module | Used for performing buffer memory functions. The module records data (received from the measuring line sensors) in loop mode to the flash-drive (in the case if there is no PC in the data acquisition node) | depends on the CAN measuring lines amount |
| ZET 7160 | digital port | Used for formation of notifications signals with TTL electrical level (in the case if there are any requirements for corresponding logical signals) | оne module per SHM system |
| ZET 7161 | control module | Used for formation of “dry contact” notifications signals (in the case if there are any requirements for corresponding “dry contact” signals) | оne module per SHM system |
| MRD 20-24 | power converter | Used for power supply of digital sensors and data acquisition modules of SHM system (in the case if there are measuring lines and a PC within the structure of SHM system. | depending on the total amount of measuring lines and PC-s in the SHM system |
| ESD-205A ESD-208A |
switching center | Used to increase the number of connection ports of the local SHM system based on Ethernet interface | depending on the data acquisition nodes amount |
| NISE 2110A | industrial PC | Used for off-line processing of the data received from the sensors of the data acquisition node (in the case if the data acquisition node is used for off-line signals processing) | depending on the data acquisition nodes amount |
Data acquisition nodes can also be equipped with additional instruments such as media-converters for data transfer via fiber-optic line, WiFi or WiMax module for wireless access, etc. Implementation of such instruments enables larger scale and high reliability of the structural health monitoring system.
Data acquisition nodes signals are transferred to the computation systems for the purpose of further processing and obtained results analysis. The instruments included into computation system of the SHM are described in the table below.
| Instrument type | Function |
| SHM server | SHM system data acquisition and long-term storage |
| WKS of SHM system operator | Visual representation of SHM system operation |
| SHM system WKS simulator | It is used to select installation areas of the seismic receivers in the course of design and survey works. The simulator also allows to set and check Software parameters at the stage of test and industrial operation of the SHM system. |
Software component
of the SHM system
Industrial PC-s (in the case if they are used in the SHM data acquisition node) should have Windows OS as well as special software applications, listed in the table below:
| Software | File name (type) |
| ZETLAB (required) | ZETLab.msi (installation file) |
| SCADA-system ZETVIEW (option) | ZETView.msi (installation file) |
| OPC library (option) | OPC Core Components Redistributable (X64).msi OPC Core Components Redistributable (X86).msi |
| Maria DB (option) | mariadb-10.0.5-win32.msi (installation file) mariadb-10.0.5-winx64.msi (installation file) |
| ODBC – driver MySQL (option) | mysql-connector-odbc-5.1.11-win32.msi (installation file) mysql-connector-odbc-5.1.11-winx64.msi (installation file) |
| Monitoring service 1.0 (hardware – WatchDog) (required) | setup.exe (installation file) |
| Software for recording and visual representation of long-term trends by all registered channels within the scope of ZETLAB Software (required) | ZETLab.msi (installation file) |
| SCADA-project of SHM data acquisition node for the control of threshold levels by measuring channels, alarm signal notification with automated or manual threshold level value control (option) | smik_kpu.zvx |
| Software for automated control of natural oscillations and logarithmic decrement (option) | smik_ldz.zvx |
| Settings of data acquisition node PC (required) | smik.txt (configuration file) |
| Server settings ZET.OPC.1 (option) | smik_server.zoc (configuration file) |
| Autorun settings (required) | Exestarter.xml (configuration file) |
| Auxiliary file (option) | smik_server_db.sql (installation file) |
Operation principles
of the equipment within the scope of SHM system
Signals from various sensors are transferred to the data acquisition node PC (if any) by means of interface converters, and then – to the server for further storage in the database.
Each of the registered signals is compared to the set threshold level values. In the case if the set threshold values are exceeded, there is formed a signal for the operator’s notification. As the signal is formed, the notification message is displayed at the operator’s WKS display (the message requires that the operator should acknowledge receipt of the displayed information). Thus, it is impossible to ignore the notification signal.
In addition to that, the information of the set threshold level exceeding is also saved in the events log.